Monsoon, but dry eyes? Why the rainy season isn't always a relief for your eyes

When the monsoon arrives, most people expect relief from the scorching summer heat. Along with cooler temperatures and greener surroundings, many also believe that the increased humidity in the air will automatically keep their eyes comfortable and prevent dryness.

However, eye specialists say this is a common misconception. While humidity can sometimes reduce tear evaporation, the rainy season also brings several hidden triggers that can worsen dry eye symptoms. Frequent weather changes, high levels of allergens, indoor air conditioning, pollution, dust, and increased screen time can all affect the natural tear film that keeps the eyes healthy.

According to Dr Swetha Kudtarkar, Consultant Ophthalmologist at Dr. Agarwals Eye Hospital, Hubli, dry eye disease is not just a winter problem. It can affect people throughout the year, including during the monsoon. Understanding why it happens and taking simple preventive measures can help protect your eyes and reduce discomfort.

WHAT IS DRY EYE DISEASE?

Dry eye disease develops when the eyes do not produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly. Tears are essential for keeping the eyes moist, maintaining clear vision, and protecting the eyes from infections.

When the tear film becomes unstable, people may experience symptoms such as:

• Burning or stinging eyes
• Redness
• Itching
• A gritty or sandy feeling
• Watery eyes
• Blurred vision
• Eye fatigue
• Sensitivity to light

Ironically, excessive watering can also be a sign of dry eyes because the eyes produce reflex tears in response to irritation.

WHY DRY EYES CAN BE WORSEN DURING THE MONSOON

Although the air becomes more humid during the rainy season, several environmental factors can still affect eye health.

1. SUDDEN CHANGES IN HUMIDITY

Before and during the monsoon, weather conditions can change rapidly. One day may be hot and dry, while the next may be cool and humid. These sudden fluctuations can disturb the tear film, especially in people who already suffer from dry eye disease.

2. MORE ALLERGENS IN THE AIR

The rainy season creates ideal conditions for mould, fungi, and dust mites to grow. These allergens can irritate the surface of the eye and make dry eye symptoms more severe.

Many people mistake this irritation for seasonal allergies alone, without realising that dry eye disease may also be contributing to their discomfort.

3. SPENDING MORE TIME INDOORS

As temperatures remain high before the rains or during humid days, many people stay indoors with air conditioners running for long hours.

Air conditioners reduce moisture in indoor air, causing tears to evaporate faster. As a result, eyes may feel dry even though the weather outside is humid.

4. POLLUTION AND DUST

Before heavy rainfall begins, dust storms, construction work, and pollution levels often remain high in many cities. Dust particles and pollutants can irritate the eyes, worsening dryness and inflammation.

SCREEN TIME MAKES THE PROBLEM WORSE

Doctors say long hours spent looking at computers, smartphones, or televisions can increase dry eye symptoms because people blink less often while focusing on screens.

To reduce eye strain, experts recommend:

• Blink consciously and more frequently.
• Keep a comfortable distance from your screen.
• Adjust screen brightness to reduce glare.
• Take regular breaks while working.

A simple habit known as the 20-20-20 rule can also help. Every 20 minutes, look at something about 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. This gives your eyes a chance to relax and encourages blinking.

SIMPLE WAYS TO PROTECT YOUR EYES THIS MONSOON

Eye specialists recommend a few daily habits that can help reduce dry eye symptoms during the rainy season.

• Drink enough water throughout the day, even if the weather feels cooler.
• Use preservative-free lubricating eye drops if recommended by your eye doctor.
• Avoid directing fans or air conditioners straight towards your face.
• Consider using an indoor humidifier if the indoor air feels too dry.
• Wash your eyes gently with clean water and avoid rubbing them.
• Clean contact lenses properly and avoid wearing them longer than recommended.
• Reduce unnecessary eye makeup if your eyes are irritated.
• Blink more often, especially during long hours of screen use.

SOME PEOPLE NEED EXTRA ATTENTION

Certain groups may be more likely to develop dry eye disease. Older adults, particularly women after menopause, may experience dry eyes because of hormonal changes and age-related changes in tear production.

If symptoms continue despite home care, an eye examination is important to identify the underlying cause and begin the right treatment.

DON'T IGNORE PERSISTENT EYE DISCOMFORT

Many people assume itchy or watery eyes during the rainy season are simply caused by allergies or changing weather. However, persistent dryness, irritation, redness, or blurred vision could indicate dry eye disease.

Experts say early diagnosis and simple lifestyle changes can prevent symptoms from becoming more severe and help maintain long-term eye health. While the monsoon brings welcome relief from the heat, it does not always bring relief for your eyes. Paying attention to your eye care routine throughout the season can make a significant difference in keeping your vision comfortable and healthy.