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IMD

IMD, commonly known as the India Meteorological Department, is the country’s principal agency for weather forecasting, meteorological observations and seismology. Established in 1875, the IMD functions under the Ministry of Earth Sciences and is headquartered in New Delhi.


The department plays a crucial role in monitoring India’s weather and climate conditions, issuing forecasts and early warnings for cyclones, heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, heatwaves, cold waves and other extreme weather events. Its alerts are widely used by governments, disaster management agencies, farmers, airlines, shipping companies and the general public.
 

The IMD is especially known for tracking monsoon patterns, which are vital for India’s agriculture and water resources. Every year, its southwest monsoon forecast is closely watched because nearly half of India’s farmland depends on rainfall for irrigation.
 

Apart from weather forecasting, the IMD also monitors earthquakes and seismic activity across the country through a network of observatories and weather stations. The department uses satellites, Doppler weather radars, ocean buoys and advanced computer models to improve forecasting accuracy.
 

Over the years, the IMD has expanded its role in disaster preparedness by issuing timely warnings during cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea. Improved forecasting has helped reduce casualties during major storms in recent years.


Today, the IMD remains one of India’s most important scientific institutions, serving as the backbone of the country’s weather and climate monitoring system.

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STORIES

Cyclone Murasu's eye crosses Andhra coast, leaves trail of destruction

The eye of severe cyclonic storm Murasu crossed the Andhra coast around 5.30 am on Tuesday, while its rear portion continued to make landfall. The storm is expected to weaken into a cyclonic storm by noon and further into a deep depression by midnight, according to the Cyclone Warning Centre.

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VIDEOS

Delhi AQI Breaches 500 Mark Ahead Of Diwali; India-Sri Lanka ODI Moved Out

Delhi and the National Capital Region continue to reel under severe and hazardous air quality ahead of Diwali, with average Air Quality Index levels crossing the 500 mark. Dense smog enveloped parts of Delhi and Noida, with monitoring stations in Rohini and Punjabi Bagh recording AQI readings of 473 and 464 respectively. Calm wind conditions and geography have trapped pollutants from local and external sources, rendering measures under the Winter Action Plan and Graded Response Action Plan Stage 2 inadequate on the ground. The worsening air quality has also disrupted sporting fixtures, prompting the Board of Control for Cricket in India to shift the first One Day International between India and Sri Lanka from Arun Jaitley Stadium in Delhi to Visakhapatnam. The move recalls the December 2017 Test match where visiting Sri Lankan players wore masks and experienced respiratory distress. Experts and ground reports emphasize the absence of preventive, long-term interstate planning between the Centre and states to curb the seasonal pollution crisis.

Delhi Chokes Under Severe Smog Ahead of Diwali as Punjab Stubble Burning Triggers Political War

Delhi woke up to severe air pollution ahead of Diwali as a thick blanket of smog engulfed the national capital region, pushing the Air Quality Index near hazardous levels. Several monitoring stations across the capital recorded AQI readings well above the 400 mark, with iconic landmarks including Rashtrapati Bhavan and India Gate obscured by poor visibility. Amid deteriorating weather and calm wind conditions, authorities are anticipating stricter restrictions under GRAP 3 to curb local emissions. Meanwhile, a intense political blame game has erupted between the Delhi and Punjab governments over stubble burning. While Delhi authorities hold farm fires in neighbouring states responsible for the toxic air, Punjab Chief Minister Bhagwant Mann countered that paddy harvesting in Malwa had barely started, calling the accusations an attempt to defame the state. Stubble burning cases continue to be reported from parts of Punjab including Patiala.

Delhi Air Quality Nears Hazardous Mark At 399; Smog Blankets NCR Amid Political Row Over Farm Fires

Air quality across Delhi and the National Capital Region continues to deteriorate, with the average Air Quality Index touching 399, just a notch below the hazardous category. Key locations including India Gate, ITO, and Kartavya Path recorded poor visibility and severe pollution levels as a thick blanket of toxic smog covered the city. Despite the enforcement of GRAP 2 measures and the winter action plan, meteorological conditions and local pollutants have kept skies heavily congested. The worsening environmental conditions have triggered a fierce political exchange between authorities in Delhi and Punjab over stubble burning. While allegations were raised regarding farm fires in Punjab impacting the national capital, counterclaims dismissed these charges as an attempt to defame local farmers, noting that harvesting had not commenced in certain regions. Ground reports from Punjab revealed sporadic stubble fires even as authorities cited reduced counts compared to previous seasons.

Cyclone Murasu Hits Andhra: Coastal Belt Flooded, Trees Uprooted, NDRF Deployed

Cyclone Murasu battered the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh after making landfall south of Ongole, bringing heavy rainfall and wind gusts of up to 120 kmph. In districts such as Bapatla, Prakasam, Nellore, and Guntur, severe winds uprooted trees and damaged electrical poles, blocking arterial roads. Teams from the National Disaster Response Force and the State Disaster Response Force were deployed alongside emergency machinery to clear blockages and restore vital road and power connectivity. Support and machinery were also mobilised from neighbouring states, including Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Telangana. Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu actively reviewed the situation across affected districts with local collectors. Low-lying coastal regions remain at risk of inundation, prompting the evacuation of vulnerable residents to designated relief and rescue centres. Although the storm weakened into rain bands post-landfall, the India Meteorological Department warned that heavy rain would persist across multiple districts for the next 24 hours.

Cyclone Murzu Alert: Over 19 Flights Cancelled Across Andhra, Trains Suspended

Operations across Andhra Pradesh have faced major disruptions as Cyclone Murzu approaches the coastline, bringing strong winds forecast to reach up to 120 kilometres per hour. At least 19 domestic flights, including Indigo and Air India Express services, were cancelled across Vijayawada, Tirupati, and Visakhapatnam airports. Rail services across affected coastal stretches have also been suspended as a precautionary step. Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Nara Chandrababu Naidu is monitoring the ground situation and has sought assistance and additional manpower from neighbouring states, including Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and Karnataka, to aid in post-landfall restoration work over the next 24 to 48 hours. Vulnerable coastal districts including Nellore, Ongole, and Bapatla remain on high alert with standard operating procedures activated. Authorities and emergency response machinery are focused on minimising losses to life and infrastructure, advising residents in low-lying areas to stay indoors and adhere to government safety guidelines.

Cyclone Murasu: Andhra Braces for Landfall Near Ongole; Heavy Rain Alert for Tamil Nadu

After Cyclone Arnab, Andhra Pradesh is bracing for severe cyclonic storm Cyclone Murasu, which is expected to make landfall near Ongole district from midnight. The India Meteorological Department has warned of wind speeds up to 120 km/h, extremely heavy rainfall, and coastal flooding across districts including Krishna, Bapatla, Prakasam, Nellore, and Guntur. Parts of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry will also experience strong winds and rain, with an orange alert issued for Chennai and school holidays declared. Thousands have been evacuated from vulnerable low-lying coastal areas.

Cyclone Murzu Landfall Impending, Rough Seas In Nellore, Andhra On High Alert

Andhra Pradesh is on high alert as Cyclone Murzu approaches its south-eastern coastline, with landfall expected south of Bapatla within 12 hours. Reporting from Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district, India Today notes that the sea has turned rough and local administrations across multiple coastal districts have been put on alert for the next 24 to 48 hours. This marks the second consecutive storm to strike the state, arriving just days after Cyclone Arnab battered northern coastal belts from Konaseema to Srikakulam. The India Meteorological Department forecasts landfall around midnight into early morning, affecting Nellore, Ongole, Bapatla, and Narsapuram. Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Nara Chandrababu Naidu is monitoring hourly preparations with the objective of zero life loss.

'The First Step Is To Prevent Any Life Loss': Collector Himanshu Shukla

In an interview with India Today, Nellore District Collector Himanshu Shukla detailed comprehensive administrative preparations underway ahead of the impending Cyclone Murzu landfall in Andhra Pradesh. Shukla emphasized that mitigating casualties remains the primary objective, stating, 'the first step is to prevent any life loss.' Authorities have shifted approximately 350 pregnant women nearing delivery to safety and tagged around 10,000 residents across 56 vulnerable coastal villages for evacuation to designated shelters. Precautionary measures include coordinating traffic regulations with national highway and railway authorities, sourcing supplementary manpower from Kadapa and Anantapur, and acquiring replacement electricity poles from Chennai to handle expected infrastructure damage. The administration has also deployed 'telecom on wheels' units to restore communications within 24 hours of landfall. Shukla advised the public that 'for the next 48 hours, they are very critical' and urged residents to remain indoors, declare school holidays, and utilize the 108 emergency helpline if needed.

Cyclone Murasu Forms Over Bay of Bengal; Andhra Pradesh & Odisha on Alert

After the devastation caused by Cyclone Arnub on October 28, India's east coast is bracing for a second cyclonic storm in less than a week. The deep depression over the Bay of Bengal has intensified into Cyclone Murasu, prompting southern Odisha to issue a high alert and step up preparedness. The India Meteorological Department has projected that the cyclone is likely to make landfall along the Andhra Pradesh coast, specifically between Nellore and Bapatla, with effects extending toward Srikakulam. Coastal regions in Andhra Pradesh are bracing for the impact as authorities ramp up safety measures.

Cyclone Arnaud Weakens After Landfall; Coastal Andhra Pradesh And Odisha Face Rain Fury

Cyclone Arnaud completed its landfall process near the Andhra Pradesh and Yanam coast, weakening from a very severe cyclonic storm to a severe cyclonic storm. Gusty winds reaching up to 135 to 150 kilometres per hour, accompanied by heavy to extremely heavy rainfall, impacted coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, and parts of northern Tamil Nadu. Widespread waterlogging, overflowing canals, and uprooted trees were reported across several low-lying areas, causing vehicular damage and commuter disruption. Authorities prioritised a zero-fatality objective, leading to extensive pre-emptive evacuations with approximately 85,000 residents relocated to safer high-rise areas and relief centres across vulnerable districts. Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Nara Chandrababu Naidu has been closely monitoring the situation as rescue personnel and ground authorities work to clear blocked roads and manage drainage. Weather officials warned that despite weakening, coastal regions remain vulnerable to post-landfall cyclonic storm surges and heavy rainfall over the subsequent 24 hours.

Cyclone Michaung Makes Landfall in Andhra Pradesh; Trees Uprooted, Services Hit

Cyclone Michaung has triggered widespread destruction across coastal Andhra Pradesh as the landfall process reaches completion. Severe winds and torrential rains have lashed districts including Kakinada, Machilipatnam, and Konaseema, uprooting decades-old trees, damaging vehicles, and blocking roadways. The India Meteorological Department has issued continued red alerts across several coastal districts, with warnings of intense storm surges and gusty winds reaching up to 140 km/h. Flight and railway services have experienced disruptions, prompting advisories for residents to stay indoors and avoid travelling to severely affected coastal zones. State administration and emergency response teams remain deployed on the ground to prevent loss of life, clear debris, and provide necessary medical aid across impacted areas.

Cyclone Landfall Underway In Andhra Pradesh, Heavy Rain Hits Coast As Relief Measures Intensify

The landfall process of the cyclone is currently underway along the coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh and is expected to continue for two to three hours. Strong gusty winds and heavy rainfall have been reported in the affected areas. Preemptive power cuts remain in place across the landfall zones to prevent untoward incidents, with power to be restored once safety clearances are granted. Administrative authorities and field officers are focused primarily on rescue and relief operations, assessing potential damage to lives and livestock. The state machinery is actively monitoring the situation to shift affected individuals to medical centres or rehabilitation camps, working towards ensuring zero loss of life.

Cyclone Threat Across Eastern Coast: Heavy Rains Hit Odisha, Andhra Pradesh Faces Worst Impact

A severe cyclonic storm has triggered heavy rainfall, gusty winds reaching up to 150 kilometres per hour, and rough sea conditions across the eastern coastline, including Odisha, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Puducherry. Landfall is underway along the Andhra Pradesh coast, which is projected to face the maximum impact over the crucial next few hours. In Odisha, districts such as Ganjam, Gajapati, Malkangiri, Nabarangpur, and Koraput have experienced torrential rains and uprooted trees blocking key road networks. Emergency rescue teams, including the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force (ODRAF), alongside district administrations and senior officials, have been deployed to clear blocked roads and restore connectivity. While wind intensity is shifting away from Odisha towards Andhra Pradesh, the India Meteorological Department has issued warnings for heavy to very heavy rainfall and thunderstorms across several districts, advising citizens to remain in safe locations as authorities monitor the situation closely.

Cyclone Rages Along Andhra Coast, Landfall Near Kakinada; Odisha On Alert

A cyclonic storm has begun its landfall process along the coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh and Puducherry's Yanam, with heavy rainfall and strong winds impacting areas such as Ongole and Kakinada. The landfall is expected to conclude within two to three hours. Severe effects are also being witnessed across Konaseema and the Godavari belt, where fallen trees and cyclonic storm surges have been reported. Andhra Pradesh authorities have advised the public to remain indoors until 9:00 am, deploying nearly 85,000 personnel, with the state government directing officials to ensure minimal or zero loss of life. Neighbouring Odisha has also intensified preparations to achieve zero casualties, evacuating more than 45,000 people from vulnerable zones, including over 700 residents from low-lying areas in Gopalpur. Odisha has deployed NDRF and ODRaF personnel across alert districts, including Ganjam and Gajapati, while district administrations have vacated beaches, hoisted red warning flags, and barred fishermen from venturing into the sea.

Cyclone Arnab Threat: Flights & Trains Cancelled, Schools Shut, Andhra Pradesh on High Alert

Severe cyclonic storm Arnab has led to widespread transport disruptions across Andhra Pradesh, prompting the cancellation of multiple flights and train services as it nears the coast. At least 21 flights were cancelled at Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam airports on Tuesday, with another 15 scheduled cancellations for Wednesday affecting routes to Chennai, Bengaluru, Kadapa, and Delhi. IndiGo, Fly91, and Air India are among the impacted carriers, alongside Southern Railway cancelling dozens of trains. Coastal districts including Visakhapatnam, Kakinada, Konaseema, and Vijayawada face high alerts, with highways barricaded and state transport services halted as precautionary measures. The India Meteorological Department has forecast a cyclonic storm surge following landfall expected between Kakinada, Yanam, and Konaseema. Schools and colleges have been shut for 48 hours, power supplies disconnected to avoid electrical accidents, and multi-agency rescue teams, including the NDRF and SDRF, deployed to evacuate citizens from vulnerable low-lying coastal areas to designated safe shelters.

Cyclone Alert in Andhra Pradesh: Evacuations Underway and High Alert at Kakinada Port

Andhra Pradesh authorities have mobilised emergency measures as a severe cyclonic storm advances towards the state's coastal belt, threatening heavy rainfall and destructive gale winds. Officials and rescue personnel from the National Disaster Response Force and State Disaster Response Force have been deployed across vulnerable districts, including Kakinada, Konaseema, and the Godavari region, to carry out evacuations and shift residents into cyclone shelters. Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu has directed the administrative machinery to maintain round-the-clock monitoring and target zero loss of life. At Kakinada port, the highest warning signal has been hoisted as rough sea conditions and torrential rains lash the coast. Government departments, including the electricity board, have dispatched additional manpower, restoration materials, and emergency communications equipment from Rayalaseema and other regions to ensure rapid recovery of essential services and clearance of road debris.

Cyclone Arnab Nears Landfall in Andhra Pradesh: Coastal Districts on Alert, Evacuations Underway

Andhra Pradesh has been placed on high alert as Cyclone Arnab intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm, speeding up its trajectory towards the coast. The storm is forecast to make landfall significantly earlier than previously projected, with impact expected between 2:00 am and 4:00 am. Wind speeds are estimated between 125 and 150 kilometres per hour, with predictions suggesting gusts could reach up to 180 kilometres per hour. In response, authorities have moved between 85,000 and 100,000 residents from vulnerable low-lying areas into temporary relief centres, including schools, providing food and bedding. Crucial coastal districts including Kakinada, Yanam, and Konaseema face extreme weather conditions, torrential rainfall, and rough seas. Precautionary measures include power shutdowns across vulnerable vicinities to mitigate hazards caused by wind and lightning, tower 10 danger warnings at Kakinada port, and highway closures spanning Ongole, Vijayawada, and Visakhapatnam to prevent accidents amid the anticipated cyclonic storm surge.

Cyclone Arnab Nears Andhra Coast; Red Alert in Odisha, Evacuations Underway

Cyclone Arnab has intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm over the Bay of Bengal and is heading northwestwards towards the Andhra Pradesh coast, with landfall expected on 28th October between Yanam and Visakhapatnam. Wind speeds are forecast to reach between 120 and 150 kilometres per hour, prompting the India Meteorological Department to issue a red alert for coastal districts including Kakinada, Machilipatnam, Yanam, Visakhapatnam, and Srikakulam, as well as parts of Odisha. The Andhra Pradesh government has declared holidays for schools and colleges across vulnerable districts and released 27 crore rupees for emergency response. Authorities are undertaking large-scale evacuations of low-lying and flood-prone areas, prioritising elderly residents and pregnant women. Rescue teams from the National Disaster Response Force and State Disaster Response Force have been deployed, while the Armed Forces, Navy, and Coast Guard remain on standby. Precautionary flood-prevention measures are also underway in neighbouring Tamil Nadu and Puducherry to ensure zero casualties.

Anbil Mahesh Arrested, Theni Jailbreak, Cyclone Omar Threatens Andhra

Former Tamil Nadu School Education Minister Anbil Mahesh was arrested by the Tamil Nadu Police and sent to Puzhal Prison following the dismissal of his anticipatory bail plea by the Madras High Court. The Central Crime Branch has alleged a major bribery scam involving nearly 400 crore rupees per year collected from private schools for renewals and approvals. While the ruling administration termed the action an investigation into institutional corruption, the DMK condemned the arrest as political vendetta. Meanwhile, 17 remand prisoners escaped from a sub-jail in Thekkampatti, Theni, after faking a medical seizure and assaulting prison staff, prompting a multi-district search operation that has recaptured four fugitives. In another key decision, the state government announced the phased introduction of digital payments across 4,082 state-run TASMAC liquor outlets to curb overcharging and cash handling discrepancies. Additionally, Andhra Pradesh is on high alert as Cyclone Omar approaches landfall near Yanam and Visakhapatnam.